Ubuntu 18.04 优化

Ubuntu 相关软件(内网访问) >>>

软件:

Double commander

一款很好的文件管理器,类似TC的免费开源的资源管理器软件。开源免费,跨平台。方便文件管理与拷贝,如向U盘的文件复制。

$sudo apt-get install doublecmd-qt

其他推荐软件:

1. oh my zsh : 终极Shell

(1) 安装 zsh
(2) 安装 git
(3) 安装 oh my zsh: 
#sh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.github.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/master/tools/install.sh)"
或
#sh -c "$(wget https://raw.github.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/master/tools/install.sh -O -)"

若上述命令者不能安装则可使用国内源安装  oh my zsh,执行下面3个步骤: 
#wget https://gitee.com/mirrors/oh-my-zsh/raw/master/tools/install.sh
#chmod +x install.sh
#./install.sh 
(4) chsh -s /bin/zsh
(5) 修改在~/.zshrc文件,ZSH_THEME 设置为主题:ys,也可以设置为其他主题

oh my zsh 常用插件:

(1) 命令行䃼全插件:incr-0.2 下载然后放置到 .oh-my-zsh/plugins 下,
在~/.zshrc文件末尾加上source "$ZSH_CUSTOM/plugins/incr-0.2.zsh"

(2) Zsh命令自动补全插件 zsh-autosuggestions
#git clone https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-autosuggestions ${ZSH_CUSTOM:-~/.oh-my-zsh/custom}/plugins/zsh-autosuggestions

在~/.zshrc文件中找到plugins{ git }数组,加入zsh-autosuggestions名字如下:
plugins{ git, zsh-autosuggestions }

(3)Zsh命令语法高亮插件 zsh-syntax-highlighting
#git clone https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-syntax-highlighting.git ${ZSH_CUSTOM:-~/.oh-my-zsh/custom}/plugins/zsh-syntax-highlighting

在~/.zshrc文件末尾加上 
source "$ZSH_CUSTOM/plugins/zsh-syntax-highlighting/zsh-syntax-highlighting.zsh"

最后执行 source ~/.zshrc 让配置马上起作用

2. tmux : 多终端工具

复制 按住shift键,然后拖动鼠标复制要选择的内容,然后按下shift+ctrl+c
粘贴 按下shift+ctrl+v

#配置文件: vim ~/.tmux.conf
#----------------------------------------------
# Send prefix Alt(M)-a - 修改前缀为 Alt+a
set -g prefix M-a
unbind C-b
#----------------------------------------------
# Easy config reload
bind-key r source-file ~/.tmux.conf \; display-message "tmux.conf reloaded"

# Set easier window split keys
bind-key \ split-window -h
bind-key - split-window -v

# Use Control(C) arrow keys to switch panes 
bind -n C-Left select-pane -L 
bind -n C-Right select-pane -R 
bind -n C-Up select-pane -U 
bind -n C-Down select-pane -D

# Shift(S) arrow to switch windows
bind -n S-Left previous-window
bind -n S-Right next-window

#switch panel
bind ^u swapp -U
bind ^d swapp -D

bind ^a last
bind q killp
#----------------------------------------------
bind '~' splitw htop  #top 
bind ! splitw ncmpcpp #music
bind m command-prompt "splitw -h 'exec man %%'"

unbind s
#----------------------------------------------
#status bar

set -g status-left "#[fg=white,bg=blue] > #I < #[default] |" # 0:bash #set -g status-left "#[fg=white,bg=blue] > #I < #[default] |" # session-name
set -g status-right "#[fg=yellow,bright][ #[fg=cyan]#W #[fg=yellow]]#[default] #[fg=yellow,bright]- %Y.%m.%d #[fg=green]%H:%M #[default]"
set -g status-right-attr bright

set -g status-bg black
set -g status-fg white
set -g set-clipboard on

setw -g window-status-current-attr bright
#setw -g window-status-current-bg red
setw -g window-status-current-bg green
setw -g window-status-current-fg white

#set -g status-utf8 on
set -g status-interval 1

#set -g visual-activity on
#setw -g monitor-activity on
#set -g status-keys vim
#----------------------------------------------
#mouse operation support
set-option -g mouse on
# move x clipboard into tmux paste buffer
bind C-p run "tmux set-buffer \"$(xclip -o -sel clipbaord)\"; tmux paste-buffer"
# move tmux copy buffer into x clipboard
bind C-y run "tmux show-buffer | xclip -i -sel clipbaord"
#----------------------------------------------
#将 r 设置为加载配置文件,并显示"reloaded!"信息
bind r source-file ~/.tmux.conf \; display "Reloaded!"
#开启鼠标支持
set-option -g mouse on

tmux 常用命令:

tmux new  将创建默认名称的会话(在tmux命令模式使用new命令可实现同样的功能)
tmux new -s mysession  创建名为mysession的会话
tmux ls  显示会话列表
tmux a  连接上一个会话
tmux a -t mysession  连接指定会话
tmux rename -t s1 s2  重命名会话s1为s2
tmux kill-session  关闭上次打开的会话
tmux kill-session -t s1  关闭会话s1
tmux kill-session -a -t s1  关闭除s1外的所有会话
tmux kill-server  关闭所有会话

3. typora : MarkDown编辑器
4. uget : 下载工具
5. teamviewer : 远程控制的应用程序

Ubuntu Gnome 软件:
1. GNOME Tweak Tool : 系统管理工具
2. Albert : 全盘、网络查找启动工具,类似 Spotlight, Listary

$wget -nv https://download.opensuse.org/repositories/home:manuelschneid3r/xUbuntu_18.04/Release.key -O Release.key
$sudo apt-key add - < Release.key
$sudo apt-get update
$sudo apt-get install albert

3. FSearch: 仿everything 的搜索工具

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:christian-boxdoerfer/fsearch-daily
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt install fsearch-trunk

4. Plank : 好用的Dock
5. fusuma : 给Gnome增加触摸板手势

优化及软件安装:

0. 设置系统语言为中文,更新系统语言包

常用命令:

$apt-get install wget
$apt-get install curl
  1. 修改Ubuntu源
$ sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list_bk  
$ sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list  
$ sudo apt-get update

Ubuntu18.04源列表 : [http://blog.csdn.net/enjoy5512/article/details/53137918][1]

  1. 安装Vim
$ sudo apt-get install vim
  1. 安装chrome(可选)
下载chrome包:
$ wget https://dl.google.com/linux/direct/google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb  
$ sudo apt-get install libappindicator1 libindicator7  
$ sudo dpkg -i google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb   
$ sudo apt-get -f install
  1. 安装搜狗输入法(可选)
到官网下载安装包    
$ sudo dpkg -i sogoupinyin_xxxx_amd64.deb  
$ sudo apt --fix-broken install
$ sudo dpkg -i sogoupinyin_xxxx_amd64.deb
设置: Setting >> Laguage Support >> Language >> keyboard input method system: fcitx
注销账户,重新登录,屏幕右上角出现“键盘”标志,点击“设置”,在新窗口的左下角将“根据当前语言选择”项目勾选取消,点击加号,选择“Sogou pinyin”选项,即可成功添加搜狗输入法。
  1. 安装WPS Office
官网下载 http://community.wps.cn/download/
下载 libpng12-0_1.2.50-2+deb8u3_amd64.deb
$ sudo dpkg -i libpng12-0_1.2.50-2+deb8u3_amd64.deb
$ sudo dpkg -i wps-office_10.1.0.5672_a21_amd64.deb
  1. 安装vpnc, g++
$ sudo apt-get install g++ vpnc
  1. 安装openssh-server

$ sudo apt-get install openssh-server

  1. 安装unrar
$ sudo apt-get install unrar
  1. 安装gdb-dashboard
$ wget -P ~ git.io/.gdbinit  
$ mv ~/.gdbinit ~/.gdb-dashboard

然后在使用gdb调试的时候可以在gdb界面调用gdb-dashboard
(gdb) source ~/.gdb-dashboard
也可以直接修改~/.gdbinit,加入source ~/.gdb-dashboard使gdb在载入时自动加载gdb-dashboard

  1. 安装Virtualbox
下载安装包
$ sudo dpkg -i virtualbox-5.2_5.2.2-119230_Ubuntu_zesty_amd64.deb 
$ sudo apt install libqt5x11extras5
$ sudo apt --fix-broken install
$ sudo apt install libsdl1.2debian
$ sudo dpkg -i virtualbox-5.2_5.2.2-119230_Ubuntu_zesty_amd64.deb 
$ sudo apt-get -y install dkms

vbox NAT 下需要设置端口映射才能访问虚拟机:
Setting
Attached to: NAT
Advanced >> Port Forwarding >> Add :
Name: SSH
Protocol: TCP
Host IP: 127.0.0.1
Host Port: 22000
Guest IP: 10.0.2.15
Guest Port: 22

testing:
$sudo apt install net-tools
$sudo netstat -nap | grep 22000
$ssh -p 22000 root@127.0.0.1
vbox Host-Only 下可直接访问虚拟机
  1. 安装​CodeBlocks , Visual Studio Code
Visual Studio Code 安装 -- 也可以通过Ubuntu软件安装
下载安装包
$ sudo dpkg -i code_1.18.1-1510857349_amd64.deb

CodeBlocks 安装 -- 也可以通过Ubuntu软件安装
$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:damien-moore/codeblocks-stable
$ sudo apt-get install codeblocks
$ sudo apt-get install codeblocks-contrib
  1. 安装Python开发工具:pycharm
下载软件
在linux系统下打开网址: 
http://www.jetbrains.com/pycharm/download/#section=linux,选择社区版,保存
$tar -xvzf pycharm-community-xxxx.tar.gz 
进入解压目录
$cd pycharm-community-xxxx/bin
运行即可
$sh pycharm.sh &
  1. 安装​Java,JSP开发环境:Eclipse
(1) 下载安装 Eclipse
(2) 下载安装 JDK
(3) 安装 MariaDB
  1. 安装服务管理软件 sysv-rc-conf
    查询系统启动时消耗时间排名:
systemd-analyze blame

安装 sysv-rc-conf

sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list
添加:deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty main universe restricted multiverse
sudo apt update
sudo apt install sysv-rc-conf
sudo sysv-rc-conf #运行程序

==========================================

xx. Some Alias:

$vim ~/.bashrc
$source ~/.bashrc
alias f='find / -type f -iname '
alias fall='find  -depth -type f -iname "*.*" | xargs grep --color -nE -ir'
alias fc='find  -depth -type f -iname "*.c" | xargs grep --color -nE -ir'
alias fcpp='find  -depth -type f -iname "*.cpp" | xargs grep --color -nE -ir'

alias r='sudo su'
alias h='history 100 | grep -i' 
alias tailf='tail -f'
alias rm="rm -i"

alias ..='cd ..'
alias ...='cd ../../'
alias ....='cd ../../../'
alias .....='cd ../../../../'
alias ......='cd ../../../../../'

alias python=/usr/bin/python2.7
alias python3=/usr/bin/python3.6

alias doc=~/Documents
alias down=~/Downloads

==========================================

code::block 导致 apt update 失败

![][2]

解决方法:

cd   /etc/apt/sources.list.d

sudo mv damien-moore-ubuntu-codeblocks-stable-bionic.list damien-moore-ubuntu-codeblocks-stable-bionic.list.save

[1]: https://blog.csdn.net/zhangvalue/article/details/80277888 [2]: https://www.crs811.com/uploads/2018/10/563d8f1e7114e1486e9bece9daae3854.png